[Determination of Main Active Components and Metal Elements of Hainan Alpinia Katsumadai by Spectral Analysis].

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were employed to analyze Alpinia Katsumadai harvested from Hainan Baisha and Bawangling. The results from FT-IR indicated that the emergence of several characteristic absorption peaks around 1 051, 1 390，2 976 and 3 300 cm-1 belong to flavonoids. In light of second derivative spectra, two similar peaks around 2 977.72 and 2 899.94 cm-1 and evident differences peaks around 1 922.36 and 1 650.87 cm-1 were observed, which was obvious to identify and distinguish Hainan Alpinia Katsumadai from different geographical regions. The method of UV spectroscopy were used to determine the different characteristic spectra of Alpinia Katsumadai harvested from Hainan Baisha and Bawangling. An UV-quantitative analysis method for alpinetin and cardamonin in Alpinia Katsumadai was established according to the relevant absorption principle. The results from fluorescence experiments revealed that both ethanol extracts of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata harvestd from Baisha and Bawangling have the similar fluorescence emission spectra and excitation spectra. The difference of fluorescence intensity once again demonstrated the concentration of ethanol extracts of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata harvestd from Baisha was bigger than that of Bawangling. The good relative recovery was in the range of 84.28%～117.41% with the RSDs (n=3) of 0.42%～0.29%. The content of alpinetin and cardamomin in Alpinia katsumadai from various habitats are 4.23% and 3.83% for Baisha, 3.72% and 3.34% for Baiwangling, respectively. Seventeen kinds of metal elements including K, Ca, Mg, Na, Al，Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn et al were determined by using microwave digestion-ICP-MS. Therefore, FT-IR combined with second derivative spectra was an express and comprehensive to analyze and evaluate the subtle difference among different habitats. It was also indicated that the method of UV-absorption spectroscopy was simple and reliable for identifing Alpinia katsumadai from differern geographical regions and cultivation batches, and determining qualitatively and quantitatively their main active components. The determination results of metal elements according to ICP-MS experiments will provide a theoretical foundation for the further development and utilization Alpinia katsumadai and enhancing the food danger consciousness.

(+)-rumphiin and polyalthurea, new compounds from the stems of Polyalthia rumphii.

Two new compounds, (+)-rumphiin (3) and polyalthurea (7), together with seven known ones, 3,4,5-trimethoxy benzoic acid (1), (-)-seselinone (2), cannabisin D (4), allantoin (5), oxostephanine (6) and a mixture of beta-sitosterol (8) and stigmasterol (9) were isolated from the stems of Polyalthia rumphii. The chemical structures of 3 and 7 were elucidated by the combination of spectroscopic data, and the absolute configuration of 3 at C-2 was determined by the matrix method to be R. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity on four human cancer cell lines, which demonstrated that 3 was a moderate bioactive lignan, and 6 showed significant anticancer activity against SPC-A-1 and BEL-7402 cell lines with IC50 values of 1.47 and 1.73 microg/mL, respectively.

[Study on IR fingerprint spectra of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq].

Fourier transform infrared spectrum has been developed for application in the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine, and two new indexes, including common peak ratio and variant peak ratio, were applied, and their values were calculated by means of the sequential analysis for eight kinds of essence oil of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq from different cultural areas (Hainan, Guangxi and Guangdong), in which each sample's IR fingerprint spectra were set up and the common peak ratio and variant peak ratio sequences were arranged in the order of size in comparison with other samples. It can be seen that Alpinia oxyphylla samples from Guangxi, Hainan and Guangdong provinces could be successfully revealed directly by the common peak ratio and variant peak ratio sequences. In comparison with their conventional IR spectra, the primary difference in Alpinia oxyphylla is the intensity of characteristic peaks at 1 710 and 1 666 cm(-1). Considering the spectral range of 400-4 000 cm(-1), the common peak ratio of the spectra between Hainan and Guangdong was 62%, while the common peak ratio between Hainan and Guangxi was 52%. But the mix common peak ratio of the spectra in Hainan is 66%. The fingerprint characters of IR can not only identify the main chemical constituents in medicinal materials, but also compare the components differences among the similar samples. The analytical method is an rapid, effective, fast and advanced to evaluate the production area for pharmaceutical market.

[Studies on characteristics of proton-exchanged LiNbO3 optical waveguides by X-ray diffraction and infrared absorption spectroscopy].

The characteristics of proton-exchanged and annealed proton-exchanged LiNbO3 optical waveguides were studied by X-ray diffraction and infrared absorption spectroscopy. The X-ray diffraction experiments show that there are diffraction peaks of Lil-x, HxNbO3 on the left of the main peak of the LiNbO3 crystal substrate. This result means that the crystal lattice constant of the layer Li1-x, Hx NbO3 is little larger than that of the LiNbO3 crystal substrate, resulting in a stress. After annealing, the X-ray diffraction peaks of the waveguide layer move towards the main peak of the LiNbO3 crystal substrate, and the stress decreases. The infrared absorption spectroscopy experiments show that there are absorption peaks of OH- at 3 500 and 3 300 cm(-1), and after annealing, the intensity of the absorption peak at 3 300 cm(-1) decreases or disappears, while the intensity of the absorption at 3 500 cm(-1) remains almost invariable. Experiments also show that the integral area of the absorption at 3 500 cm(-1) is proportional to square root te.

[Infrared absorption spectroscopy of optical waveguide in proton-exchanged LiNbO3].

Z-cut proton-exchanged LiNbO3 optical waveguides exchanged with different proton sources mixed with adipic acid and benzoic acid in different mol ratios were analyzed by infrared absorption spectroscopy. The result shows that there is an absorption peak of OH- free group at 3500 cm(-1) with the characteristic of substitute protons, and the absorption peak of H-bond is nearby 700 cm(-1) with the characteristic of packing protons. The different mixing ratios and different concentrations of H+ in the proton source, result in different proton-exchanged velocities and bring on the change in these absorption peaks. It is very important to study the change in these absorption peaks for making high quality LiNbO3 optical waveguide.